การใช้ประโยชน์และการจัดการป่าสาคูใน

การใช้ประโยชน์และการจัดการป่าสาคูในจังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช
Utilization and Management of Sago Forests in the Province of Nakhornsithammarat
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บทคัดย่อ

โครงการวิจัยเรื่องการใช้ประโยชน์และการจัดการป่าสาคูในจังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาพัฒนาการการใช้ประโยชน์และการจัดการป่าสาคูตั้งแต่อดีตจนถึงปัจจุบันวิเคราะห์สถานการณ์ปัจจุบันของป่าสาคูในจังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช และศึกษาปัจจัยสำคัญที่ทำให้เกิดการเปลี่ยนแปลงลักษณะการใช้ประโยชน์และการจัดการป่าสาคู ตลอดจนศึกษาแนวทางในการจัดการป่าสาคูอย่างยั่งยืน โดยศึกษาในเขตพื้นที่ตำบลท่างิ้ว ตำบลนาเคียน ตำบลท่าเรือ ตำบลไชยมนตรี อำเภอเมือง และตำบลร่อนพิบูลย์ อำเภอร่อนพิบูลย์ จังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช
จากผลการศึกษาพบว่า ปัจจุบันสถานการณ์พื้นที่ป่าสาคูในจังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราชถูกทำลายไปจำนวนมาก การใช้ประโยชน์จากป่าสาคูที่ยังหลงเหลืออยู่ในปัจจุบัน คือ การนำใบมาทำจากสาคู การใช้ต้นสาคูเลี้ยงสัตว์ การนำเปลือกทางสาคูมาสานเสื่อ และการทำแป้งสาคู นอกจากนี้ป่าสาคูยังมีประโยชน์หลายประการด้วยกัน คือ ต้นสาคูให้ประโยชน์ด้านอาหาร ใช้เลี้ยงสัตว์ เป็นยารักษาโรค นำมาผลิตเป็นเครื่องมือเครื่องใช้ ส่วนประโยชน์ในแง่ของระบบนิเวศยังให้ความชุ่มชื้น เป็นแหล่งน้ำในการทำนาและการอุปโภคบริโภค รวมทั้งเป็นแหล่งความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพของระบบนิเวศชุ่มน้ำจืด และเป็นแหล่งความมั่นคงทางอาหารของชุมชน ส่วนการจัดการพื้นที่ป่าสาคู มีการจัดการโดยการตัดสางใบ และปลูกสาคูเพิ่มเติม ส่วนป่าสาคูที่ไม่มีการนำต้นและใบมาใช้ประโยชน์ จะปล่อยให้รกร้างเป็นแหล่งอาศัยของสัตว์น้ำ
สำหรับปัจจัยสำคัญที่ทำให้เกิดการเปลี่ยนแปลงลักษณะการใช้ประโยชน์และการจัดการป่าสาคูมีอยู่ด้วยกัน 4 ประการ คือ ประการที่ 1 การเข้ามาของเกษตรเชิงพาณิชย์ ไม่ว่าจะเป็นการขยายตัวของสวนยางพาราและปาล์มน้ำมัน และการเปลี่ยนแปลงระบบการทำนา โดยอาศัยน้ำจากระบบชลประทานมากขึ้น ทำให้แหล่งน้ำตามธรรมชาติถูกลดบทบาทลงไป ประการที่ 2 การเปลี่ยนแปลงรูปแบบการจัดการน้ำของชุมชนให้กลายเป็นของรัฐโดยจัดการแบบระบบชลประทาน ทำให้ต้องมีการขุดลอกป่าสาคูทิ้งไป ประการที่ 3 การขยายตัวของเมืองและชุมชน ทั้งพื้นที่อาศัย และพื้นที่ทำการเกษตร รวมทั้งการสร้างถนนทำให้เกิดการถมที่และบุกรุกคลองสาคู และประการที่ 4 การมองป่าสาคูอย่างไร้ค่า ป่าสาคูไม่ได้รับความสนใจจากหน่วยงานต่าง ๆ ทั้งสถาบันการศึกษา หน่วยงานภาครัฐ และชุมชน ทำให้พื้นที่ป่าสาคูถูกทำลายและเลือนหายไป
ส่วนแนวทางในการจัดการป่าสาคูโดยการมีส่วนร่วมของทุกภาคส่วน ประกอบด้วย การส่งเสริมให้ชุมชนเรียนรู้ ตระหนักถึงคุณค่าของป่าสาคู เพื่อให้เกิดการอนุรักษ์ฟื้นฟูและการจัดการอย่างยั่งยืน ตลอดจนการส่งเสริมอาชีพและกระจายรายได้ที่เกิดจากการใช้ประโยชน์ป่าสาคู ทำให้ทุกฝ่ายได้เห็นความสำคัญของระบบนิเวศป่าสาคูมากยิ่งขึ้น นำไปสู่การเคลื่อนไหวเพื่อการอนุรักษ์และฟื้นฟูป่าสาคูได้อย่างต่อเนื่อง เป็นการสร้างทรัพยากรเพื่อการดำรงชีวิตอย่างยั่งยืน และนำไปสู่วิถีเศรษฐกิจแบบพอเพียงได้อย่างเป็นรูปธรรม
เรื่องทั้งหมดเป็นอดีตมากเกินไป เห็นส่วนอนาคตรางๆ เฉพาะย่อหน้าสุดท้ายเท่านั้น ความสำคัญของงาน ABC คือการให้คำตอยสำหรับอนาคต

คำหลัก : สาคู, ต้นปาล์มสาคู, ป่าสาคู, ความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพ


Abstract

This study aims at studying the development of the utilization and the management of the sago forests from the past to the present time, analyzing the current conditions of the sago forests, and considering the main factors triggering the change of the use, the management, and the sustainable development the sago palm forests in the Province of Nakhonsithamarat.
This study is conducted in the areas of Tambon Ta-ngew, Tambon Nakien, Tambon Ta-reua, and Tambon Chaimontri in the Muang District, and Tambon Ron-piboon in the district of Ron-piboon, both of which are in the Province of Nakhonsithamarat.
The study shows that the current situations of the sago forests in Nakhonsithammarat are rather critical as most of them have been devastated. The utilization of sago includes varied uses. Their leaves are turned to be thatches. Their trunks are used to feed animals. The midrib of the broad leaves can be used to make mats and their pulp is turned to be sago flour. Sago palms are useful in many ways. They can be human or animal food, medication, and household appliances. In terms of the ecosystem, sago palms can provide moisturization, and become water sources for doing the rice fields and for other daily consumption including the biodiversity of the fresh water ecosystem. Above all, sago forests are the stable food sources of the communities. Therefore, sago palm forests have been replenished and their leaves are untangled and trimmed. The unused sago palms have been left desolate and they have become the habitats of aquatic animals.
The main factors that bring about the change of the exploitation of sago palm forests consist of four aspects. The first one is the influx of commercial agriculture which includes the expansion of rubber plantation, and palm oil trees, and the change of rice farming system by making more use of the irrigation system. The use of provided irrigation has reduced the roles of natural water sources. The second aspect is that the water management in the communities has belonged to the government sector and the irrigation system has been expanded, so the sago palms have been dug up to give way to irrigation channels. The third aspect is the expansion of urbanization and land development for resident and agricultural areas. New roads have been cut through the areas, and the invaded sago palm areas are filled up. The last aspect is that the government agencies and the people involved don’t pay enough attention to sago palm forests causing them to be deforested and disappear very quickly.
The guideline to restore the sago palm forests should be co-operated by every sector and the value of sago palm forests should be realized by the people in all sectors in order to raise awareness to restore the conditions of the forests and bring about the sustainable development. There should also be a project to promote occupational opportunities and scatter income among the people who can make use of the sago palm forests. The ecosystem problems of the sago palm forests should be placed as an important urgency to bring about continual conservation and considered as a sustainable and existent natural source, which are relevant to sufficiency economy.


Keywords: Sago palm, Metroxylon sagus Rottb. / Metroxylon spp. , Sago Forests, Biodiversity
1. บทนำ
ลักษณะพื้นที่ในจังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช มีเทือกเขานครศรีธรรมราชเป็นแหล่งต้นน้ำที่สำคัญ มีลำคลองหลายสายไหลผ่านพื้นที่ต่าง ๆ ในจังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราชและจังหวัดใกล้เคียง บริเวณริมฝั่งคลองสายต่าง ๆ นั้น พบความหลากหลายของพรรณพืชชุ่มน้ำจำนวนมาก โดยเฉพาะพืชประจำถิ่นภาคใต้ นั่นคือ “สาคู” (Sago palm, Metroxylon spp.) ซึ่งพื้นที่ภาคใต้มีลักษณะที่เหมาะสมต่อการเจริญเติบโตของสาคู จึงพบสาคูขึ้นกระจายอยู่ทั่วไปทั้ง 14 จังหวัด และที่พบจำนวนมาก คือ นครศรีธรรมราช สตูล กระบี่ ปัตตานี นราธิวาส พัทลุงและตรัง สำหรับพื้นที่ป่าสาคูในจังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช มีประมาณ 118,412.51 ไร่ (กล้าณรงค์ ศรีรอตและคณะ, 2542.)
“สาคู” เป็นพืชที่มีบทบาทสำคัญในฐานะเป็น

Kết quả (Việt) 1:

Việc sử dụng và quản lý của hoang dã sago tỉnh Nakhon SI thammarat.Việc sử dụng và quản lý của Sago rừng ở tỉnh NakhornsithammaratMàu đỏ là những vấn đề bài viết KB đến để chọn lên một phần màu xanh là bình luận Bình luận.Tóm tắt bằng tiếng Anh được đọc.Tóm tắt Dự án nghiên cứu liên quan đến việc sử dụng và quản lý của hoang dã sago tỉnh Nakhon SI thammarat. Với mục đích để nghiên cứu sự phát triển, việc sử dụng và quản lý của bột trứng sam hoang dã từ quá khứ cho đến bây giờ phân tích tình hình hiện tại của hoang dã sago tỉnh Nakhon SI thammarat. Và một yếu tố quan trọng gây ra sự thay đổi về quản lý rừng, sử dụng và giá trị, cũng như nghiên cứu thực tiễn quản lý rừng trên giá trị bền vững bằng cách nghiên cứu ở Tambon tha ngio, Tambon na Qian t. cảng thành phố huyện này và tambon Chai Sub-District hội đồng Ron phibun, Amphoe Ron phibun, Nakhon SI thammarat. Từ tình hình hiện nay, kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy rằng giá trị rừng ở Nakhon SI thammarat đã bị phá hủy một số lớn. Để tận dụng lợi thế của giá trị rừng vẫn còn ngày nay là để đi làm việc từ bột trứng Sam và khoai mì bằng cách sử dụng động vật. Để áp dụng vỏ thông qua mat và đến phân phối khoai mì tinh bột khoai mì. Ngoài ra, còn có một số bột trứng sam hoang dã hữu ích: sắn và lợi ích chi phí. Sử dụng động vật làm thuốc điều trị. Thực hiện như là công cụ Tốt nhất lợi ích về mặt sinh thái, nước độ ẩm, như trong nông nghiệp và người tiêu dùng. Cũng như một nguồn của đa dạng sinh học và tiếp thêm sinh lực nước ngọt hệ thống sinh thái như là một nguồn của cộng đồng an ninh lương thực. Giá trị tốt nhất được quản lý rừng. Quản lý bằng cách cắt và nhiều hơn nữa phát triển bột trứng sam hát Tốt nhất khoai mì hoang dã mà không có đòn bẩy và sẽ để lại tấn công để tạo ra một nguồn thủy sản. สำหรับปัจจัยสำคัญที่ทำให้เกิดการเปลี่ยนแปลงลักษณะการใช้ประโยชน์และการจัดการป่าสาคูมีอยู่ด้วยกัน 4 ประการ คือ ประการที่ 1 การเข้ามาของเกษตรเชิงพาณิชย์ ไม่ว่าจะเป็นการขยายตัวของสวนยางพาราและปาล์มน้ำมัน และการเปลี่ยนแปลงระบบการทำนา โดยอาศัยน้ำจากระบบชลประทานมากขึ้น ทำให้แหล่งน้ำตามธรรมชาติถูกลดบทบาทลงไป ประการที่ 2 การเปลี่ยนแปลงรูปแบบการจัดการน้ำของชุมชนให้กลายเป็นของรัฐโดยจัดการแบบระบบชลประทาน ทำให้ต้องมีการขุดลอกป่าสาคูทิ้งไป ประการที่ 3 การขยายตัวของเมืองและชุมชน ทั้งพื้นที่อาศัย และพื้นที่ทำการเกษตร รวมทั้งการสร้างถนนทำให้เกิดการถมที่และบุกรุกคลองสาคู และประการที่ 4 การมองป่าสาคูอย่างไร้ค่า ป่าสาคูไม่ได้รับความสนใจจากหน่วยงานต่าง ๆ ทั้งสถาบันการศึกษา หน่วยงานภาครัฐ และชุมชน ทำให้พื้นที่ป่าสาคูถูกทำลายและเลือนหายไป ส่วนแนวทางในการจัดการป่าสาคูโดยการมีส่วนร่วมของทุกภาคส่วน ประกอบด้วย การส่งเสริมให้ชุมชนเรียนรู้ ตระหนักถึงคุณค่าของป่าสาคู เพื่อให้เกิดการอนุรักษ์ฟื้นฟูและการจัดการอย่างยั่งยืน ตลอดจนการส่งเสริมอาชีพและกระจายรายได้ที่เกิดจากการใช้ประโยชน์ป่าสาคู ทำให้ทุกฝ่ายได้เห็นความสำคัญของระบบนิเวศป่าสาคูมากยิ่งขึ้น นำไปสู่การเคลื่อนไหวเพื่อการอนุรักษ์และฟื้นฟูป่าสาคูได้อย่างต่อเนื่อง เป็นการสร้างทรัพยากรเพื่อการดำรงชีวิตอย่างยั่งยืน และนำไปสู่วิถีเศรษฐกิจแบบพอเพียงได้อย่างเป็นรูปธรรม Toàn bộ câu chuyện là một quá khứ quá. Xem tương lai tốt nhất rang chỉ đoạn cuối chỉ. Tầm quan trọng của công việc, toi cho ABC là những gì trong tương lai. Từ khóa: bột trứng Sam và cây khoai mì và bột trứng sam Palm, rừng, và đa dạng sinh học.Tóm tắtNghiên cứu này nhằm mục đích nghiên cứu sự phát triển của việc sử dụng và quản lý các khu rừng bột trứng sam từ quá khứ đến thời điểm hiện nay, phân tích các điều kiện hiện tại của các khu rừng bột trứng sam, và xem xét các yếu tố chính gây ra sự thay đổi về việc sử dụng, việc quản lý và phát triển bền vững rừng sago palm tỉnh Nakhonsithamarat.Nghiên cứu này được tiến hành ở các khu vực của Tambon Ta-ngew, Tambon Nakien, Tambon Ta-reua, và Tambon Chaimontri thuộc huyện Muang và Tambon Ron-piboon ở huyện Ron-piboon, cả hai đều là ở tỉnh Nakhonsithamarat.The study shows that the current situations of the sago forests in Nakhonsithammarat are rather critical as most of them have been devastated. The utilization of sago includes varied uses. Their leaves are turned to be thatches. Their trunks are used to feed animals. The midrib of the broad leaves can be used to make mats and their pulp is turned to be sago flour. Sago palms are useful in many ways. They can be human or animal food, medication, and household appliances. In terms of the ecosystem, sago palms can provide moisturization, and become water sources for doing the rice fields and for other daily consumption including the biodiversity of the fresh water ecosystem. Above all, sago forests are the stable food sources of the communities. Therefore, sago palm forests have been replenished and their leaves are untangled and trimmed. The unused sago palms have been left desolate and they have become the habitats of aquatic animals.The main factors that bring about the change of the exploitation of sago palm forests consist of four aspects. The first one is the influx of commercial agriculture which includes the expansion of rubber plantation, and palm oil trees, and the change of rice farming system by making more use of the irrigation system. The use of provided irrigation has reduced the roles of natural water sources. The second aspect is that the water management in the communities has belonged to the government sector and the irrigation system has been expanded, so the sago palms have been dug up to give way to irrigation channels. The third aspect is the expansion of urbanization and land development for resident and agricultural areas. New roads have been cut through the areas, and the invaded sago palm areas are filled up. The last aspect is that the government agencies and the people involved don’t pay enough attention to sago palm forests causing them to be deforested and disappear very quickly. The guideline to restore the sago palm forests should be co-operated by every sector and the value of sago palm forests should be realized by the people in all sectors in order to raise awareness to restore the conditions of the forests and bring about the sustainable development. There should also be a project to promote occupational opportunities and scatter income among the people who can make use of the sago palm forests. The ecosystem problems of the sago palm forests should be placed as an important urgency to bring about continual conservation and considered as a sustainable and existent natural source, which are relevant to sufficiency economy. Keywords: Sago palm, Metroxylon sagus Rottb. / Metroxylon spp. , Sago Forests, Biodiversity 1. บทนำ ลักษณะพื้นที่ในจังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช มีเทือกเขานครศรีธรรมราชเป็นแหล่งต้นน้ำที่สำคัญ มีลำคลองหลายสายไหลผ่านพื้นที่ต่าง ๆ ในจังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราชและจังหวัดใกล้เคียง บริเวณริมฝั่งคลองสายต่าง ๆ นั้น พบความหลากหลายของพรรณพืชชุ่มน้ำจำนวนมาก โดยเฉพาะพืชประจำถิ่นภาคใต้ นั่นคือ “สาคู” (Sago palm, Metroxylon spp.) ซึ่งพื้นที่ภาคใต้มีลักษณะที่เหมาะสมต่อการเจริญเติบโตของสาคู จึงพบสาคูขึ้นกระจายอยู่ทั่วไปทั้ง 14 จังหวัด และที่พบจำนวนมาก คือ นครศรีธรรมราช สตูล กระบี่ ปัตตานี นราธิวาส พัทลุงและตรัง สำหรับพื้นที่ป่าสาคูในจังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช มีประมาณ 118,412.51 ไร่ (กล้าณรงค์ ศรีรอตและคณะ, 2542.) “สาคู” เป็นพืชที่มีบทบาทสำคัญในฐานะเป็น

Kết quả (Việt) 2:

Khai thác và quản lý rừng ở các tỉnh Sago
Việc sử dụng và quản lý của Sago rừng ở tỉnh Nakhornsithammarat
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Tóm tắt. Anh đã không đọc tóm tắt nghiên cứu về việc sử dụng và quản lý của cao lương hoang dã trên địa bàn tỉnh. Mục đích là để nghiên cứu việc sử dụng và quản lý của cao lương hoang dã từ xưa đến nay, phân tích tình hình hiện tại của cao lương hoang dã trên địa bàn tỉnh. Và các yếu tố gây ra những thay đổi trong việc sử dụng và quản lý cao lương hoang dã. Cũng như nghiên cứu về quản lý rừng bền vững Sago. Các nghiên cứu ở huyện Huyện Tambon Na Kian VTLS Marina Chaiyamontri Muang và Xử lý sinh học. Huyện xử lý sinh học Nakhon Si Thammarat, nghiên cứu cho thấy. Tình hình hiện nay trong các khu rừng Sago tỉnh đã bị phá hủy với nhiều người. Tận dụng lợi thế của rừng cọ sago rằng vẫn còn hiện nay là việc thực hiện của lá cao lương. Sử dụng động vật cây cọ Đưa vỏ cây cao lương, dệt thảm. Và làm cao lương Ngoài ra, có rất nhiều lợi ích với hoang dã cọ sago cao lương là hữu ích trong thực phẩm. Thức ăn gia súc Y học Được sử dụng để sản xuất các công cụ. Những lợi ích về hệ sinh thái cũng cung cấp độ ẩm. Một nguồn nước cho canh tác và tiêu thụ. Cũng như đa dạng sinh học của hệ sinh thái đất ngập nước nước ngọt. Và nguồn gốc của an ninh lương thực của cộng đồng. Quản lý Sago Forest Quản lý bằng cách cắt lược. Và tinh bột hơn Các cao lương hoang dã lá không có thông qua và sử dụng sớm. Sẽ hoang môi trường sống của thủy sản yếu tố quan trọng gây ra những thay đổi trong việc sử dụng và quản lý cao lương hoang dã Có bốn lý do nhập cảnh đầu tiên của thương mại nông nghiệp. Cho dù việc mở rộng của dầu cọ và cao su. Và việc thay đổi hệ thống canh tác. Nước từ các hệ thống thủy lợi hơn. Hãy nguồn nước tự nhiên đã giảm đến vai trò của hai hình thức quản lý cộng đồng của nước thành một hệ thống thủy lợi nhà nước quản lý. Sự cần thiết phải nạo vét cao lương hoang dã còn lại để hoàn thành việc mở rộng thứ ba của thành phố và cộng đồng. Khu vực sinh hoạt Và các khu vực nông nghiệp Nguyên nhân của cải tạo, xây dựng đường và kênh xâm lược sắn và rừng cao lương hợp nhất 4, nhìn trong vô vọng. Sago hoang dã không nhận được sự chú ý của các cơ quan và các tổ chức khác. Cơ quan chính phủ và cộng đồng làm cho rừng cao lương đã bị phá hủy và hòa tan các phương pháp tiếp cận Sago để quản lý rừng bởi sự tham gia của mọi thành phần của cộng đồng bao gồm học tập đáng khích lệ. Nhận giá trị của cao lương hoang dã Để đạt được bảo tồn và quản lý bền vững. Cũng như thúc đẩy và phân phối thu nhập từ việc sử dụng của cao lương hoang dã sự nghiệp. Cho tất cả các bên được tầm quan trọng của hệ sinh thái rừng Sago thậm chí nhiều hơn. Lãnh đạo phong trào cho việc bảo tồn và phục hồi các cao lương hoang dã vẫn tiếp tục. Tạo nguồn lực cho cuộc sống bền vững. Và dẫn đến tự túc kinh tế đã được một đáng kể toàn bộ sự việc đã qua quá nhiều. Tương lai lờ mờ nhìn thấy Chỉ có đoạn cuối cùng Tầm quan trọng của ABC là giảm đối với tương lai Từ khóa: cao lương, cọ, bột khoai mì, cao lương hoang dã, đa dạng sinh học Tóm tắt Nghiên cứu này nhằm mục đích nghiên cứu sự phát triển của việc sử dụng và quản lý các khu rừng Sago từ quá khứ. đến thời điểm hiện tại, phân tích các điều kiện hiện tại của rừng Sago, và xem xét các yếu tố chính gây ra sự thay đổi của việc sử dụng, quản lý, và sự phát triển bền vững các khu rừng Sago Palm ở tỉnh Nakhonsithamarat. Nghiên cứu này được tiến hành trong khu vực. Tambon Ta-Ngew, Tambon Nakien, Tambon Ta-Reua, và Tambon Chaimontri ở quận Muang, và Tambon Ron-Piboon ở Quận Ron-Piboon, cả hai đều là ở tỉnh Nakhonsithamarat. Nghiên cứu cho thấy rằng. tình huống hiện tại của rừng cao lương trong Nakhonsithammarat là khá quan trọng vì hầu hết trong số họ đã bị tàn phá. Việc sử dụng cao lương bao gồm việc sử dụng đa dạng. lá của họ được quay đầu thatches. thân của họ được sử dụng cho động vật nuôi. Các gân của lá rộng có thể. được sử dụng để làm thảm và bột giấy của họ được bật là bột cao lương. cọ Sago là hữu ích trong nhiều cách khác nhau. Họ có thể là thức ăn cho người hoặc động vật, thuốc men và đồ dùng gia đình. Trong điều kiện của các hệ sinh thái, lòng bàn tay cao lương có thể cung cấp độ ẩm, và. trở thành nguồn nước để làm ruộng lúa và tiêu thụ hàng ngày khác bao gồm cả đa dạng sinh học của hệ sinh thái nước ngọt. Trên tất cả, rừng cao lương là nguồn thức ăn ổn định của cộng đồng. Vì vậy, rừng cọ sago đã được bổ sung và lá của chúng rôi và. tỉa. Các Sago Palms UNUSED đã bị bỏ hoang và họ đã trở thành môi trường sống của động vật thủy sản. Các yếu tố chính mang về những thay đổi của khai thác rừng Sago Palm bao gồm bốn khía cạnh. Người đầu tiên là Dòng Nông nghiệp Thương mại đó. bao gồm việc mở rộng trồng cao su và cây dầu cọ, và sự thay đổi của hệ thống canh tác lúa bằng cách sử dụng nhiều hơn các hệ thống thủy lợi. Việc sử dụng thủy lợi cung cấp đã làm giảm vai trò của các nguồn nước tự nhiên. Khía cạnh thứ hai là việc quản lý nước. trong cộng đồng đã thuộc về khu vực chính phủ và hệ thống thủy lợi đã được mở rộng, do đó, các cây cọ sago đã được đào lên để nhường đường cho các kênh thủy lợi. Khía cạnh thứ ba là sự mở rộng của đô thị hóa, đất phát triển cho người dân và khu vực nông nghiệp. New. đường giao thông đã được cắt giảm thông qua các khu vực, và các khu vực cọ sago xâm chiếm được lấp đầy. Khía cạnh cuối cùng là các cơ quan chính phủ và những người liên quan không quan tâm đủ đến rừng cọ sago khiến chúng bị chặt phá và biến mất rất nhanh. Các hướng dẫn để phục hồi rừng cọ sago nên được đồng điều hành bởi mọi lĩnh vực và giá trị của rừng cọ sago nên được thực hiện bởi những người trong tất cả các lĩnh vực nhằm nâng cao nhận thức để khôi phục lại các điều kiện của rừng và mang lại sự phát triển bền vững. . Cũng cần có một dự án để thúc đẩy các cơ hội nghề nghiệp và thu nhập phân tán trong số những người có thể tận dụng các khu rừng cọ sago. Các vấn đề về hệ sinh thái của rừng cọ sago nên được đặt như một sự khẩn cấp quan trọng để mang về bảo tồn liên tục và được coi như. một tồn tại bền vững và nguồn tự nhiên, trong đó có liên quan đến nền kinh tế đầy đủ. Từ khóa:.. Sago Palm, Metroxylon Sagus Rottb / Metroxylon spp, Sago rừng, đa dạng sinh học 1. GIỚI THIỆU Các khu vực trong tỉnh Núi Nakhon Si Thammarat lưu vực sông quan trọng. Có một số con suối chảy qua các khu vực khác nhau trong tỉnh và các tỉnh lân cận. Dọc theo bờ kênh trong sự đa dạng của các loài thực vật, nhiều vùng đất ngập nước. Hệ thực vật ở miền nam mà là "khoai mì" (Sago palm, Metroxylon spp.), Nào miền Nam có cái nhìn đúng đắn cho sự phát triển của cao lương. Các Sago đã được tìm thấy rải rác trên khắp 14 tỉnh và tìm thấy rất nhiều Nakhon Si Thammarat, Phatthalung, Satun, Pattani, Narathiwat, Krabi và Trang. Diện tích rừng Sago trong tỉnh, với khoảng 118,412.51 ha (Klanarong Sri Rotterdam và các cộng sự, 2542.) "khoai mì" là một loại cây có một vai trò quan trọng vì nó là.